#Ritxumiab radiation unfolder trial pub med update
Finally, we provide an update of the role of DNA repair in high-LET RT and we explore the biological responses triggered by differential LET and dose.
For each RT modality, we summarise relevant DNA damage studies. We also discuss carbon ion therapy along with combinatorial immune-based therapies and high-LET RT. RT based on α-particles includes brachytherapy and nuclear-RT, that is proton-boron capture therapy (PBCT) and boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Proton radiation is discussed along with its new adaptation of FLASH RT. Herein, we present an overview of current RT modalities in the light of DNA damage and repair with emphasis on medium to high-LET radiation. Both levels and types of DNA damage determine cell fate, which can include necrosis, apoptosis, senescence or autophagy. DNA damage levels are a function of radiation dose, whereas the type of damage and biological effects such as DNA damage complexity, depend on radiation quality that is linear energy transfer (LET). All rights reserved.DNA damage and repair studies are at the core of the radiation biology field and represent also the fundamental principles informing radiation therapy (RT). Under B cell monitoring, the interval of RTX re-infusion was elongated to nine months, and NMO relapses were suppressed with 0.035 of ARR.Īquaporin 4 Clinical trial Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders Open-label Rituximab.Ĭopyright © 2022 The Authors. We observed 14 severe adverse events in six (18%) and 156 adverse events, of which 135 were grade 1, 11 were grade 2 and 10 were grade 3. The annualized relapse rate (ARR) was 0.035 counts per person-years, ∼1/10th compared with 0.321 in the placebo arm of the RIN-1 study. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) relapses were observed in two patients. During the study, 28 (90%) of 31 patients were treated with RTX monotherapy. During the trial, three patients dropped out due to two withdrawals and one adverse event. In RIN-2, RTX was administered three times (median, range 1-5 times), and the interval of RTX administrations were 9.5 months (mean ). Thirty-three (87%) of 38 patients of the RIN-1 study were enrolled from February 2016 to March 2019 at six sites in Japan. RTX was infused repeatedly under monthly monitoring of CD19-positive and CD 20-positive B cell lymphocyte subsets from 24 weeks after an infusion. We also investigated the long-term safety and efficacy of RTX.Ī study design was a prospective open-label extension study following the RIN-1 study. The aim of the RIN-2 study was a compassionate use of rituximab (RTX) for patients who completed the RIN-1 study, a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of RTX. 8 Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
7 Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
6 Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.5 Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan.4 Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.3 Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.Electronic address: 2 Clinical Research Center and Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Utano National Hospital, 8 Ondoyama, Narutaki, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 616-8255, Japan. 1 Clinical Research Center and Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Utano National Hospital, 8 Ondoyama, Narutaki, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 616-8255, Japan.
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